English Department Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta

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Educational psychology

Educational psychology

Nowadays, the need of teacher is very increasing every year, because expectations of government to improve the quality of education will be better every year.  So many arguments from other people say if the teacher is good so the young generation will be better. But in this moment to become good teacher is very difficult and also if we don’t have experience to teach well and don’t know about how the ways of teaching and learning in classroom. Whereas this is the most important thing as a teacher, but many teacher only teach but don’t have knowledge about how to be good teacher, the characteristic of best teacher. They only give material for the student, whereas will give bad effect for the young generation. Therefore, we must know the effective ways of learning and teaching in education. We very need the lesson about the educational psychology or principles of teaching so for the teacher of the future will be better than now. And always observing for the improving of learning process of education. So the aims of education will realize, so Educational psychology is very important for teacher, because it’s tools for effective teaching. If we learn about educational psychology we know about how to teach well, and also step by step we will understand about the best of characteristic teacher and the bad attitude teacher. As we teacher what will we do to effective teaching in the classroom?  Because we are student English department and next will become a teacher for the future. So other that we must give good attitude for your student. And also we must have professional knowledge and skills and also commitment and motivation, we always remember teaching is one of the holies of tasks. But, if we cannot explain well and have poor attitude we can imagine with our student or the young generation. 

Definition educational psychology in general, Educational psychology is how to understanding teaching and learning in educational settings. Moreover there are some opinions for definition Educational psychology. According William James, educational psychology is the importance of observing teaching and learning in the classroom. Can be defined as a teacher we always pay attention with your student what are student have understood about material or anything in learning process. This is the most important things for improving learning process in classroom. So we will change educational setting will be better. In according John Dewey emphasize the child’s adaptation to the environment. We can make the conclusion by John Dewey opinion as a teacher we must to teach how to adaption with condition in learning process in classroom for example all of student can adapt with your friend in classroom and know about the characteristic of your friend, so the effective ways of teaching and learning process will be better. Any other opinion by E. L. Thorndike, Promoted the idea that educational psychology must have a technical base and that dimension should be a central focus. So if you as a teacher give the material for your student should be focus what will you give for your student. If the student cannot understand about the lesson so you must repeat the materials until the student have understood. Don’t continue the new material if they don’t understand, because the giving the material cannot receive well and the effective of teaching and learning in classroom will fail. Actually definition of educational psychology is too much, but the purpose of definition psychology is how to improve the learning and teaching process in classroom and any balanced between student and teacher.

In educational psychology there are three learning goals or theories which are used in learning and teaching education, theorist of learning is very important can brings good effect for us because from there we can unite cognitive, moving, and environmental and experiences for acquiring and etc, because theory in learning process   through our attention to those variables that are crucial in finding solutions.  But each theory have strengthens and weakness. First theory is behaviorism, can be define is how a person’s attitude to provide stimulation the individual and then how to responds that stimulus and also study behavior in relation to the environment.  So from Theory behaviorism we can take example as a teacher we must give stimulus for the student and how the student respond our stimulus. Theory behaviorisms also focus on how learning can change our behavior, central to explaining the learning process. And the one point is very important the student must repeat their lessons that are get in school, this several away how to student respond our stimulus that have in the classroom. Second, theory cognitivism, if where behaviorism more than environment, but cognitivism is the process of knowing. That theory in learning and teaching education focus on previous knowledge is important, differences between individuals are important as they will affect learning. Beside that   in this theory how the student thinking and save our lesson in memory. So this theory teaches how teacher help student to thinking or solving problem so can save in memory of their brain.  And the last theory constructivism is humans create knowledge and meaning from a communication between their experiences and their ideas. Therefore, each theory has relationship because we can make the conclusion from the theory, human beings can acquiring the knowledge if we have known and their can adaption with environment. And any another concept according Ki Hajar Dewantara, has message for us which is “ing ngarsa sung tulada, ing madya mangun karsa, tut wuri handayani” Its means “Tut wuri handayani “as a teacher should give support for the student”,  ing madya mangun karsa “ as a teacher we should creation an idea”, ing ngarsa sung tuladha “ as a teacher should give a good action and attitude “. Therefore, teacher can explore the ability of your student to development our country, several away can be creation an idea and make the condition more than interesting. Sometimes teacher only used one theory in teaching and learning education that will choose, whereas from three theories we can use whenever, but looked the situation when used the first theories and the other theorist. So teaching and le the aims of learning education in classroom and also the effective of learning process will be success.

Purpose of learning educational psychology , As we know that, teaching is one holies of the task but we can see nowadays many teacher wherever, but we didn’t understand about the purpose of teaching to all of student. Their only think I have done my work to give material for the student. Therefore, we very need the lesson like educational psychology. Because educational psychology a tool for effective teaching and will know how the mentioned of effective teaching? Many argument say that the effective teaching have professional knowledge and skills this is the most important thing, the good teacher not only know about their subject, actually have many knowledge about anything for example we are learn English but we don’t have attitude for the environment or friend. Therefore the teacher should give the lesson about the good attitude or insert the religious lesson. And also manage the classroom for optimal learning. The several away for the teacher to manage the classroom and all of student didn’t get bored in the class. Effective teaching not only has knowledge and skills moreover must have soft skills or motivation it’s means the teacher has good attitude; we can imagine if the teacher have poor attitude so will influence for the young generation. The good teachers also care about the student, if the students have problem with the lesson or not understand about the material you can use theory of cognitivism with away approach your student and try to solve the problem or if your student didn’t we try approach maybe any personal problem with your student. Characteristic of best teacher or how to be good teacher must have sense of humor this is the first point because if we can make the situation in the classroom, because if you just telling story your student will sleep in the class. We can also give the material with humor. The other opinion about the characteristic of best teacher makes the class interesting, explain the material clearly so we have ready to explain the material for student and try to effort focus on your material don’t make ambiguous the